OSM Maps

Cities and Countries
of Earth

'Slippy Maps'

(OSM = Open Street Maps)

Explore the World !
No jet lag !

Home > RefInfo menu > MAPS menu >

OSM MAPS menu >

This Cities and Countries Of Earth 'Slippy Maps' page

With this page,
EXPLORE planet Earth ---
via links to 'slippy maps'
(thanks to the OpenStreetMap project)
and via links to info pages
(thanks to the Wikipedia project)

! Note !
More map-links may be added
if/when I re-visit this page.

< Go to Table of Contents, below >
(SKIP THIS INTRO)

INTRODUCTION :

The map links on this page are to the 'openstreetmap.org' home page with a latitude and longitude and zoom-level specified --- appropriate for an initial view of each city.

Also links to initial country views and intial views of states of the United States of America are provided. Also initial views of certain islands and regions, such as continents and national parks, may be provided.

After the initial view, you can pan and zoom the OSM 'slippy map' to your heart's content.

There are about 200 countries on Earth. If we provide initial views for an average of 5 cities per country, there will eventually be about 1,000 city-links on this page.

Along with about 200 country-links, that means this page may contain about 1,200 map links.


EXPLORE THE WORLD! This one web page facilitates that. Island hop. Continent hop. Without jet lag.

For example, island hop from Malta to Sicily to Sardinia to Corsica. Then explore Rome and the Amalfi coast. Hop over to Venice. Then visit Croatia. And, after that, the islands of Greece. Then Istanbul and Cairo.

    You could try doing all the navigating from the initial Malta map. But it may be tedious (and difficult to find one's way) by 'panning' to other islands and countries and cities.

    SO . . . you could use the Malta map link below. Then the Sicily map link. Then the Sardinia map link. Then the Corsica link. Then the Rome. Then the Italy. Then the Croatia. Then the Greece. Then the Turkey. Then the Egypt link.

    You can use a find-text-in-this-page option of your web browser to find the names of these islands, cities, and countries in this web page.

    Since each map link opens in a separate window (or tab), you can keep open those maps you need to help with navigation, and close those that you no longer need.

    You can keep the window containing this page open, to use multiple country/city/island links on this page.

Follow the streets of exotic cities of the world. Follow the highways between those cities.

If a city-link is not on this page, go to its country link (or a link for a nearby city) and 'pan' to the city.


Country Data :   (some sources of latitude-longitude data)

There are about 240 'countries' or 'administrative areas' on Mother Earth --- although some are not totally self-governing. Some are 'protectorates' and various other vestiges of colonial times (colonizations/take-overs by the U.S., English, Spanish, French, Dutch, Portuguese, Belgians, Italians, Turks, Austrians, Germans, Danish, Australians, China, USSR, etc.).

Some examples of 'vestiges':

  • U.S. - Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands and some Pacific Islands
  • English - Gibraltar and British Virgin Islands and the Falkland Islands
  • French - some Pacific Islands

Various lists of 'countries' ('administrative areas') can be seen at Wikipedia and elsewhere. Examples :

And see other sites such as the Database of Global Administrative Areas (GADM).

You can look for other country lists, along with latitude-longitude data, with a

It will generally be easier to find the latitude-longitude coordinates of a major city of the countries rather than the coordinates of the 'geographic center' of each country --- although the Wikipedia web pages on countries seem to have good coordinates that are at or near the center of each country.

In any case, the latitude-longitude coordinates for each country below may be approximate --- but they are intended to get us 'into the ball park'.


Data for Cities and other entities:
(some sources of latitude-longitude data)

Here are some sources of latitude and longitude data for cities and other entities --- such as states of the USA and national parks.

You can look for other city lists, that have latitude-longitude data, with a


OSM tiles and zoom levels:   (a quick overview)

The 'slippy maps' (at the links below on this page) are composed of OSM tiles.

A relatively compact explanation of OSM tiles and zoom levels and 'slippy maps' can be browsed at the OSM Slippy map tilenames page.

In brief:

  • OSM tiles are 256x256 pixel PNG 'raster' image files.

  • Filename (URL) format for a tile is http://tile.openstreetmap.org/zoom/x/y.png
    where
      zoom=zoom-level-integer (from 0 to 18 or 19),
      x=longitude-locator-integer (non-negative column number),
      y=latitude-locator-integer (non-negative row number).

  • See sample code to calculate x and y for a given zoom-level and a given latitude and longitude (in decimal degrees) --- in the OSM link above.


Some OSM Tile Numbers   (like number of tiles per zoom-level)

At each zoom-level, the tiles come from dividing each tile of the previous zoom-level into 4 tiles. Hence the number of tiles for each zoom level grows exponentially --- as 4^N where N is the zoom-level.

In fact, there are more than 68 billion tiles at zoom-level 18 --- and each zoom level goes up a factor of 4 tiles, as the following list indicates.

  • Zoom-level-0 has 2^0 x 2^0 = 1 x 1 = 1 tile
  • Zoom-level-1 has 2^1 x 2^1 = 2 x 2 = 4 tiles
  • Zoom-level-2 has 2^2 x 2^2 = 4 x 4 = 4^2 = 16 tiles
  • Zoom-level-3 has 2^3 x 2^3 = 8 x 8 = 4^3 = 64 tiles
  • Zoom-level-4 has 2^4 x 2^4 = 16 x 16 = 4^4 = 256 tiles
  • Zoom-level-5 has 2^5 x 2^5 = 4^5 = 1,024 tiles
  • Zoom-level-6 has 2^6 x 2^6 = 4^6 = 4,096 tiles
  • Zoom-level-7 has 2^7 x 2^7 = 4^7 = 16,384 tiles
  • Zoom-level-8 has 2^8 x 2^8 = 4^8 = 65,536 tiles
  • Zoom-level-9 has 2^9 x 2^9 = 4^9 = 262,144 tiles
  • Zoom-level-10 has 2^10 x 2^10 = 4^10 = 1,048,576 tiles
  • Zoom-level-11 has 2^11 x 2^11 = 4^11 = 4,194,304 tiles
  • Zoom-level-12 has 2^12 x 2^12 = 4^12 = 16,777,216 tiles
  • Zoom-level-13 has 2^13 x 2^13 = 4^13 = 67,108,864 tiles
  • Zoom-level-14 has 2^14 x 2^14 = 4^14 = 268,435,456 tiles
  • Zoom-level-15 has 2^15 x 2^15 = 4^15 = 1,073,741,824 tiles
  • Zoom-level-16 has 2^16 x 2^16 = 4^16 = 4,294,967,296 tiles
  • Zoom-level-17 has 2^17 x 2^17 = 4^17 = 17,179,869,184 tiles
  • Zoom-level-18 has 2^18 x 2^18 = 4^18 = 68,719,476,736 tiles

On some OpenStreetMap servers, there may be a zoom-level-19, but typically level-19 is incomplete.

The total number of tiles for zoom levels 0 through 18 can be calculated from the fact that a sum of powers, like

Sn = 1 + a + a^2 + a^3 + ... + a^n

is given by the formula

Sn = (a ^ (n+1) - 1) / (a - 1)

For a = 4 and n = 18 (zoom-levels 0 through 18 above), this means that the total of the tile numbers listed above is

(4^19 - 1) / 3 =
(4*4^18 - 1)/3 =
(4 * 68719476736 - 1)/3 =
274877906943/3 =
91,625,968,981

--- about 91.6 billion tiles.

So an OpenStreetMap server would need to be able to store about 91.6 billion tiles that are 256x256 pixels each.

    The size of the tiles range from about 0.1 kilobyte to about 30 kilobytes --- depending on the variety of colors in the tile. A solid blue tile (an ocean tile) is only about 0.1 kilobyte in size. A level 16 tile consisting of streets in a downtown area will be about 28 kilobytes.

    If the average tile were about 0.5 kilobyte in size, then the 91.6 billion tiles would occupy 45.8 thousand, billion bytes = 45.8 thousand Gigabytes = 45.8 Terabytes.

    As explained at this OSM tile disk usage page, less than 2% of the tiles are actually accessed by users, so they only store about 1.7% of the tiles, in 'pre-rendered' form. The rest are rendered 'on request'.

    They report that they store about 1.2 Terabytes of tiles of any particular style. Those tiles could be stored within the space on the typical disk drive on a mid-range home computer --- as marketed in the 2015 to 2020 time frame.


A table of zoom-levels to kilometers

Perhaps a more useful table (or list) would be one that shows, for each zoom-level, the approximate distance across a tile (vertically or horizontally --- that is, north-south or east-west) --- say in kilometers.

That can help us (roughly) estimate an appropriate zoom-level to use to fetch tiles for a map of a particular area.

Since the circumference of the Earth is about 40,050 kilometers (24,870 miles), and there are 360 degrees around the Earth, each degree of longitude around the Earth at the equator represents about 40050 / 360 = 111 kilometers or 24870 / 360 = 69 miles.

The same numbers apply to each degree of advance, north-south, along a 'great circle' that demarks a north-south longitude line.

The following table indicates the degrees across each tile --- from which we can give an estimate of the width (or height) of the tile in number of kilometers (or meters) ... at the equator.

Reference: The OSM Zoom Levels page.

  • Zoom-level-0 tile width is 360 degrees --- about 40,050 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-1 tile width is 180 degrees --- about 20,025 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-2 tile width is 90.0 degrees --- about 10,012.5 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-3 tile width is 45.0 degrees --- about 5,006 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-4 tile width is 22.5 degrees --- about 2,503 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-5 tile width is 11.25 degrees --- about 1,252 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-6 tile width is 5.625 degrees --- about 626 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-7 tile width is 2.813 degrees --- about 313 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-8 tile width is 1.406 degrees --- about 156 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-9 tile width is 0.703 degrees --- about 78 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-10 tile width is 0.352 degrees --- about 39 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-11 tile width is 0.176 degrees --- about 19.5 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-12 tile width is 0.088 degrees --- about 9.8 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-13 tile width is 0.044 degrees --- about 4.9 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-14 tile width is 0.022 degrees --- about 2.44 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-15 tile width is 0.011 degrees --- about 1.22 kilometers
  • Zoom-level-16 tile width is 0.0055 degrees --- about 611 meters
  • Zoom-level-17 tile width is 0.0028 degrees --- about 306 meters
  • Zoom-level-18 tile width is 0.0014 degrees --- about 152 meters

So, at zoom-level-18, a tile covers an area about the size of a football/fusbol/soccer field or stadium.


The Earth-mapping to the OSM tiles

At a given zoom-level, the width of each tile, although remaining a fixed number of pixels, is decreasing in kilometers as the tiles approach the north or south poles in latitude.

In fact, the OSM tiles (whose sides correspond to longitude lines and latitude lines on the spherical Earth), in actuality, are going from representing near-square shapes at the equator to representing trapezoidal-like shapes that approach a triangle in shape as we reach the north or south poles.

The OSM tiles represent a Mercator-like projection (of a sphere on a containing cylinder) --- which means that areas, like Alaska and Greenland, are distorted (more precisely, expanded horizontally --- and vertically) on the tiles --- compared to areas, like north Africa, near the equator.

One result: Although Greenland and Saudi Arabia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo cover almost the same area, on a Mercator-like projection map showing Greenland and Saudi Arabia and the Congo, the OSM tiles will make it look like Greenland (near the north pole) is much larger than Saudi Arabia and the Congo (near the equator).


The tiles near the poles 'stretch' the Earth map   (some detail of that)

The OSM tiles are created such that a square array of square tiles (256 pixels by 256 pixels) cover most of the Earth --- from about -85 degrees latitude to about +85 degrees latitude --- and -180 to +180 degrees longitude.

You can imagine that the (almost) sphere of the Earth is circumscribed (enclosed) by a cylinder which is touching the sphere at the equator.

The points on the sphere can be mapped (by linear projections from the center of the sphere) to points on the surface of the enveloping cylinder --- and vice versa.

The bottom and top of the 'OSM' cylinder are determined by projecting the -85 and +85 (approx.) latitude lines of the sphere onto the cylinder by linear projection lines from the center of the sphere. THEN ...

For any 'zoom-level' N, you can imagine the finite-height cylinder being divided into an array of 2^N by 2^N squares. So, for example, for N=4, the surface of the cylinder is divided into a 16x16 = 256 set of squares.

NOW ... we can imagine mapping the corners of those squares back to the surface of the sphere (via linear projection lines going to the center of the sphere).

Thus, we see that each square (tile) that is mapped to the higher latitudes of the Earth are covering (representing) a smaller area of the Earth.

The net effect is that the square OSM tiles, that represent areas near the South and North poles, represent a map of a smaller (trapezoid-like) section of the Earth --- which effectively means that the points on the Earth near the poles are being stretched apart --- regarding their representation as pixels on the OSM tiles.

In other words, each pixel represents a smaller Earth-distance on tiles near the poles (or near the top/bottom of the cylinder). The pixels are a fixed width and height, but the pixels representing Earth points near the poles represent a smaller Earth distance.

In qualitative terms, the surface of the Earth is 'stretched out more' over the pixels of the tiles, for tiles representing areas near the south and north poles of the Earth.

Bottom line:
The tiles at latitudes nearer the poles have pixel widths and heights that represent fewer and fewer miles/kilometers.

For example, if the tiles (for a particular zoom-level) are touching the equator, each 'equator-tile' may represent a width of about 6 miles and a height of about 5.9 miles. But 'polar tiles', of that same zoom level, that are near the North pole (say around Alaska) may represent a width of about 3 miles and a height of somewhere around 3 miles.

    Those polar-tiles 'stretch the map'. The math gets complex --- involving logarithms and tangents of angles. But early map makers may have used plane-geometric drawings involving circles and straight-lines and intersections to determine mapping of points from the earth-sphere to the cylinder.


A table of degrees-to-kilometers   (for decimal places needed in the degrees)

Still another table might be handy when you are trying to determine how accurately (how many decimal places) you need to express longitude (or latitude) degrees to adequately specify a location.

Note that 360 degrees corresponds to 40,050 kilometers (around the equator). So there are 40050/360 = 111.25 kilometers per degree. Successively taking one tenth of that figure, we see that

  • 1.0 degree is about 111.25 kilometers
  • 0.1 degree is about 11.125 kilometers
  • 0.01 degree is about 1.1 kilometers
  • 0.001 degree is about 0.11 kilometers or 110 meters
    (about the length of a soccer/fusbol field)
  • 0.0001 degree is about 11 meters or a little over 10 U.S. yards
  • 0.00001 degree is about 1.1 meters or a little over 3 U.S. feet
  • 0.000001 degree is about 0.11 meters or 11 centimeters or about 4 U.S. inches

So if you are specifying the center of a city, about 2 decimal places (about 1 kilometer accuracy or discrepancy) is almost sufficient. 3 decimal places is probably quite adequate. Specifying the location of a city-center with more than 4 decimal places (5 or more) is overkill.


If you want more information on Open Street Map or 'slippy tiles', you can do a WEB SEARCH on keywords like


Organization of this page:

I considered organizing the links to countries (and their maps) within groupings --- by about six or seven 'continents' or 'regions' of the world --- such as North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania.

But I decided to simply order the country-links down this page, alphabetically, by their English (U.S. English) names.

This avoids issues such as whether to categorize a country as European or Asian.


Nature of the links below:

When you click on a map-link (indicated by a pair of decimal latitude-longitude numbers), an OSM 'slippy' map display / interface will be shown in a separate window (or tab) of your web browser.

Please NOTE:
Because the 'Standard' OSM tile images contain text names, such as country and city names, in the LOCAL language and alphabet, tiles for countries in the Middle East and Asia, for example, do not have names in English.

    Fortunately, OSM provides alternative tiles ('Transport' and 'Cycle' and 'Humanitarian' style) with SOME labels in English, as well as in the local language-and-alphabet, for the Middle Eastern and Asian (and other) countries.

    Alternatively, there are a few other organizations that provide tile servers whose tiles have English labels. Those organizations seem to come and go --- probably burned out by all the processing (and commitment) involved in keeping the tiles up-to-date.

      The electric bill for all the computer processing --- that their 'tile rendering farms' do to repeatedly update billions of tiles --- must be something to behold. More heat generation to add to the atmosphere --- along with all the 'bitcoin' mining-processing --- and all the furnaces and combustion engines of the world.

    As we see in the tile numbers section above, if OSM is to supply a package of tiles, all with English labels, that could require another 91 billion tiles --- in addition to their 'Standard' set of tiles.

    And if you repeat that for French, German, Spanish, Russian, Greek, Hungarian, Hebrew, Vietnamese, and about 40 (?) other languages, you are talking a lot of tiles --- and a lot of terabytes --- and a lot of processing to continually regenerate the tiles from updated OSM 'base' files containing a variety of 'raw' data. (A lot of that data is not seen in the tile images.)

    Since some 'tile rendering farms' may do a nicer job with English-language labels on the tiles, this page may be updated someday to provide some alternatives to using the 'slippy map' facility at 'openstreetmap.org'. You can go to the 'Servers' section at the bottom of this page to try some alternatives.

Besides the slippy-map-links below, there are Wikipedia-links.

If you need more information on a country (or city or island or lake-shore or other entity), you can click on the entity name to go to a Wikipedia page for the entity. You can follow further links on the Wikipedia page for even more info.


Enough with the intro.

Below is the 'Table of Contents' --- the alphabet.

For a country whose name starts with a given letter of the alphabet, you can jump to a corresponding section of country-links on this page by clicking on the appropriate letter of the alphabet.

Or simply scroll down this page.

When you get to a country (or city or entity) of interest, simply click on the 'Lat-Lon' link at that entity name and an OSM 'slippy map' display will appear.

    The intent of this page is to supply an initial zoom level and initial latitude-longitude pair that provide a good initial overview of the entity. I intend to be testing those values, for about a thousand entities/maps, in 2018 and 2019.

    Hopefully, essentially all numbers and typos will be fixed by the end of 2019, as I work my way through testing all of the Wikipedia and OSM-map links.

Over time, more city/entity-links will probably be added.

Table of Contents:

(links to country sections of this page, below)
(USA, then other countries of the world)

(The links-to-city-slippy-maps are
in alphabetical order by city-name
within the country sections.)

Maps of Some Cities (and States) of the USA
(state sections are in alphabetical order ;
cities are in alphabetical order within state sections)

Maps of some Other Countries and Cities
(countries in alphabetical order in the A,B,C,... sections;
cities are in alphabetical order within country sections)

A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H     I     J     K     L     M    

N     O     P     Q     R     S     T     U     V     W     Y     Z

End of Table of Contents.
Start of Sections of COUNTRY-and-CITY MAP LINKS.


< Go to Top of this page. >

USA   Lat-Lon: 38.0 -97.0

Non-USA Countries Are Below :

A


< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

B

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

C

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

D
E
F

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

G
H

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

I
J


K

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

L
M

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

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N
O

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

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P
Q
R
S

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of this page. >

T
U
V
W
Y
Z

THANK YOU :

I would like to thank the people at OSM (Open Street Map) for making tiles available on their servers --- tiles rendered using the 'raw' data files and image renderers that they maintain.

Also, thanks to OSM for providing the 'slippy map' facility which allows users to use a URL (with zoom-lat-lon parameters) in 'anchor-href' statements in an HTML page.

Example of the URL's used above --- with parameters:

https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=4/38.0/-97.0

which is of the form:

https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=z/lat/lon

where z is an integer zoom-level, and lat and lon are latitude and longitude, in decimal degrees.

The 'open' attitude of the OSM organization makes it possible for others around the world to experiment with various ways of presenting map data.

OTHER TILE SERVERS :

We could call on other 'slippy map' tile server facilities than the one at "openstreetmap.org" --- but other servers may go dead unexpectedly. It happened to the Mapquest 'slippy map' tile server facility in July 2016.

An aim of this tile-server section is to find 'slippy map' tile server facilities that provide labels in English --- instead of (or in addition to) labels done in non-English alphabets and/or languages.

We will use the area of Greece (which includes countries such as Albania, Macedonia, and Turkey) as an example. In other words, we will use a latitude-longitude specification in the area of Greece --- latitude = 39.0 and longitude = 22.0.

For a 'base' of comparison, here is the Greece area (at zoom-level = 6) done with the 'slippy map' facility at 'openstreetmap.org'. Click on a link to see the map area in a separate window (or tab).

https://www.openstreetmap.org/ #map=6/39.0/22.0
The openstreetmap.org 'Standard' map.

https://www.openstreetmap.org/ #map=6/39.0/22.0&layers=T
The openstreetmap.org 'Transport' map.
Note that many names are shown in both English and local forms.

https://www.openstreetmap.org/ #map=6/39.0/22.0&layers=C
The openstreetmap.org 'Cycle' map.
Note that many names are shown in both English and local forms.

https://www.openstreetmap.org/ #map=6/39.0/22.0&layers=H
The openstreetmap.org 'Humanitarian' map.
Note that names are NOT shown in English --- only local forms.

Note that the OSM 'Standard' map style/layer can be used for states and cities in the USA. This page may use 'Transport' style for other countries.

Also note that you can switch between the several OSM map styles (Transport, Standard, Cycle, and Humanitarian) by using the 'Layers' option --- in the navigator menu on the right of the OSM window.


Below is the Greece area done with several other 'slippy map' tile server facilities:


The GPS Visualizer site (and its 'draw' utility) is developed by Adam Schneider:
(What if Adam gets hit by a bus?)

http://www.gpsvisualizer.com/ draw/?zoom=6&center=39,22&marker=Greece

This is the gpsvisualizer.com 'Drawing utility' slippy map.
Labels are in English and in the local language and alphabet. Nice.


The waze.com GPS-Maps-Traffic app is said to be 'community-based'.
It remains to be seen whether they will continue to offer
their 'livemap' 'slippy map' facility for public use. Wikipedia has Waze history.

https://www.waze.com/ livemap/?zoom=6&lat=39&lon=22

Most of the islands of Greece are not labelled.


The WikiMiniAtlas (wma) is from 'wmflabs.org' where WMF = WikiMedia Foundation:

https://wma.wmflabs.org/ iframe.html?wma= 39_22_700_500_en_1_en& globe=Earth& lang=en& page=Greece

The WikiMiniAtlas at 'wma.wmflabs.org'
can show a draggable, zoomable, clickable map of the
Moon, Mars, Venus, Mercury, and Io --- as well as of the Earth.

It is not intuitively obvious how to get labels to show. (???)
The call/parameter format is also cryptic. (Needs some research.)


ACME Mapper 2.1 is, unfortunately, based on Google Maps --- not Open Street Maps.
It may be subject to various Google registration requirements and
usage monitoring --- and other monkey business --- such as
pop-up ads --- now or in the future.

https://mapper.acme.com/ ?ll=39,22&z=5&t=M
The acme.com 'type = M' map.

https://mapper.acme.com/ ?ll=39,22&z=5&t=R
The acme.com 'type = R' map --- its 'Terrain' map.

https://mapper.acme.com/ ?ll=39,22&z=5&t=T
The acme.com 'type = T' map --- its 'Topo' map.

https://mapper.acme.com/ ?ll=39,22&z=5&t=H
The acme.com 'type = H' map --- its 'Satellite' map.

https://mapper.acme.com/ ?ll=39,22&z=5&t=K
The acme.com 'type = K' map --- its 'Mapnik' map.


Stamen Design offers several types of maps --- 'terrain', 'toner', and 'watercolor'.
(Will they keep updating them?)

http://maps.stamen.com/ #terrain/6/39.0/22.0
The stamen.com 'terrain' style map.
See the Stamen helpful info at the bottom of these Stamen pages.

http://maps.stamen.com/ #toner/6/39.0/22.0
The stamen.com 'toner' style map.

http://maps.stamen.com/ #watercolor/6/39.0/22.0
The stamen.com 'watercolor' style map.


Note that each 'slippy map' facility has a different format for passing the latitude, longitude, and zoom-level parameters.

For example, the string 'll=', above, apparently refers to Latitude-and-Longitude. The latitude and longitude values are then separated by a comma.

In other cases, the latitude and longitude values are passed separately with designators 'lat=' and 'lon='.

Some use designators like 'z=', while others depend on separator characters --- like slash (/) --- and depend on the parameters being entered in a certain order.

If some of these 'slippy map' sites and facilities seem like they will be around 'for the long-haul', they may be implemented as an option at the links in this page (by using some JavaScript).

No JavaScript (for mapping purposes) has been used in this web page at this point --- although tons of JavaScript is used at 'openstreetmap.org' to implement the 'slippy map' capability.

Bottom of this
'CITIES and COUNTRIES of EARTH SLIPPY-MAPS' page.

To return to a previously visited web page, click on the Back button of your web browser a sufficient number of times. OR, use the History-list option of your web browser.
OR ...

< Go to Table of Contents, above. >

< Go to Top of Page, above. >

Page history:

Page was started 2018 Jun 22.

Page was changed 2018 Jun 23.
(Added Wikipedia links for U.S. cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jun 25.
(Provided lat-lon for many U.S. cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jun 26.
(Added 'Other Tile Servers' section.)

Page was changed 2018 Jun 28.
(Tested the 'A' section; added about 35 cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jul 04.
(Tested the O,Q,U,V,W,Y,Z sections; added ~43 cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jul 07.
(Tested the J,K sections; added about 35 cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jul 09.
(Tested the D,L sections; added about 33 cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jul 10.
(Tested the B section; added about 53 cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jul 12.
(Tested the E section; added about 46 cities.)

Page was changed 2018 Jul 13.
(Tested the F section; added about 29 cities.)

Page was changed 2019 Jan 11.
(Added css and javascript to try to handle text-size
for smartphones, esp. in portrait orientation.)

Page was changed 2019 Feb 10.
(HTML changes due to reorg of OSMmaps menu page.)

Page was changed 2019 Feb 14.
(Changed some discussion of the 'polar tiles stretching the map'.)

Page was changed 2019 Sep 11.
(Added 3 cities in Portugal. Also specified image width in percents to size the image according to width of the browser window.)

Page was changed 2019 Sep 14.
(Tested the P section; added about 33 cities.)

Page was changed 2019 Sep 15.
(Tested the H section; added about 10 cities.)

Page was changed 2019 Sep 16.
(Tested the I, N, and R sections; added about 127 cities.)

Page was changed 2019 Sep 17.
(Tested the C section; added about 78 cities.)

Page was changed 2021 Jan 30.
(Tested the G section; added about 35 cities.)

Page was changed 2021 Jan 31.
(Tested the T section; added about 36 cities.)

Page was changed 2021 Feb 02.
(Tested the M section; added about 50 cities.)

Page was changed 2021 Feb 03.
(Tested the S section; added about 72 cities.
Finished adding cities and testing in all alphabet sections, for now.)